- Authors: Harifuddin Halim
- From: Universitas Pejuang RI Makassar
Abstract:
Evironmental degradation is a sign of disharmony relationship between humans and the physical environment. Disharmony is realized in the form of human treatment ‘arbitrary’ on the environment. Humans treat the environment exceeds the limits of the environment itself which resulted in the environment to be ‘ill’ and disrupted the process of life. Environment no longer provide for its needs, is no longer a ‘partner’ for human life itself. Tracing all human ‘exploitative’ action is, it was revealed later that the human perception of him is ‘superior’ and put the environment as an aspect of the ‘inferior’ is the main cause. This view has implications for the human action that puts the environment as a ‘steward’ for the human life welfare, as the objects ‘dead’ and not as a complementary partner. The view above in the positivism is a manifestation of the rationalinstrumental knowledge. The essence of this knowledge is everything always has a purpose and considerations based on calculations that must be achieved effectively and efficiently. Then this necessitates man to make efforts to achieve the goal of his life by leaving the existence of other entities, especially the existence of the natural environment life. Realizing imbalance human relationship with the natural environment, man then made various efforts of human awareness of the urgency of the existence of other entities on earth. For example, in the tradition of the Frankfurt school through the perspective of critical theory. This perspective considers that man must be restored its position as a partner for the natural environment and not as superior beings anymore. Achieving this, people must understand the essence of the natural environment and the human essence through ‘communication’. This is what gave birth to the theory of rational-communicative. In its development, various school of thought rise as a form of attention to environmental issues. For example, ecophenomenology issue initiated by Martin Heidegger. He considers that humans should understand firstly the existence of another new entity then he can understand its existence. There is also thinking about Transcendetal-Theosophy of Mulla Sadra that views all the entities in this world has ‘value’ itself, though ‘rock’. Each entity will be ‘worth’ when it has a ‘relationship’ with others. That is, the humanity value will come true whenvit was elated by values inherent in other entities such as the natural environment. Based on Transcendental-Theosophy perspective, the human-environment relationship can be realized in harmony and balance to the survival of both.
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